Bassett, Caltech/IPACImage Processing: T.A. da Silva (Spaceengine), NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/Scott Wiessinger, J. Credit: Images and Videos: International Gemini Observatory/PROGRAM/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA, S. Gemini South in Chile is one half of the International Gemini Observatory, operated by NSF's NOIRLab. This cutting-edge scientific instrument will expand our understanding of the earliest stars, the chemical fingerprints of distant planetary systems, and the formation and evolution of galaxies. Gemini South, one of the world's most productive and powerful optical-infrared telescopes, received a major capability boost with the successful installation of a new high-resolution spectrograph called GHOST constructed by an international consortium. NOIRLab will provide a data reduction pipeline for astronomers using the instrument. The instrument is open-access, meaning any researcher with a compelling science case will be able to submit proposals to use it for their research. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time, SkyMapper, and GAIA. GHOST will also provide crucial follow-up observations of key targets emerging from many ongoing and future surveys, such as Vera C.
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GHOST, which has ten times the spectral resolution of GMOS, Gemini's other major optical spectrograph, is the most sensitive high-resolution spectrograph across the full optical wavelength range of any of the spectrographs currently in operation on comparably-sized telescopes. Unlike high-resolution cameras that capture amazing details of distant stars and galaxies, spectrographs precisely analyze the spectrum of light emitted by these objects, revealing detailed information about their chemical composition, motion and rotation, and ancient counterparts at the edge of the observable universe. Spectrographs are among the most important science instruments in all of astronomy. "Once this next-generation instrument is commissioned, GHOST will be an essential component of the astronomer's toolbox." "This is an exciting milestone for astronomers around the globe who rely on Gemini South to study the universe from this exceptional vantage point in Chile," said Jennifer Lotz, Director of Gemini Observatory. Gemini South is one half of the International Gemini Observatory. This star is a prime example of the type of object that GHOST will investigate. The Gemini South telescope's newest science instrument-GHOST, the Gemini High-resolution Optical SpecTrograph-achieved first light by making exquisite observations of HD 222925, a remarkably bright, chemically complex star located more than 1400 light-years away in the direction of the Southern Hemisphere constellation Tucana. Gemini South, one of the world's most productive and powerful optical-infrared telescopes, has received a major capability boost with the successful installation of a new high-resolution spectrograph called GHOST constructed by an international consortium. Credit: International Gemini Observatory/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/GHOST Consortium See this image comparison to see the most prominent features labeled. The dark lines in the rainbow are like the fingerprints of the gasses present in the star, including hydrogen, calcium, iron and gold. Light that is 'redder' than around 750 nm is infrared and is also invisible to our eyes. Light that is 'bluer' than 380 nm is ultraviolet and is invisible to our eyes. The two GHOST spectra shown here, which were produced in the same single observation, measure light from around 350 nm to around 1015 nm. This mosaic shows the two GHOST spectra of HD 222925, a remarkably bright, chemically complex star.
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